If the charge is difficult to neutralize during the sep […]
If the charge is difficult to neutralize during the separation process, the charge will accumulate and make the object static. Therefore, the objects will be charged with static electricity after they are separated from other objects. Generally, when a plastic film is peeled from an object, it is a typical "contact separation" electrification, and the static electricity generated by stripping clothes in daily life is also "contact separation" electrification. Solids, liquids, and even gases can become static due to contact separation.
This is because the gas is also composed of molecules and atoms, and when the air flows, the molecules and atoms also "contact and separate" and electrify. We all know triboelectricity and rarely hear of contact electrification. In essence, triboelectrification is a process of contact and separation that causes an imbalance between positive and negative charges. Friction is a process of constant contact and separation. Therefore, triboelectricity is essentially contact separation and electrification. In daily life, various objects may generate static electricity due to movement or friction. Another common type of electrification is induction induction. When a charged object approaches an uncharged object, negative and positive electricity are induced at both ends of the uncharged conductor, respectively.
Any substance is composed of atoms, and the basic structure of atoms is protons, neutrons and electrons. Scientists define protons as positive electricity, neutrons are not charged, and electrons are negatively charged. Under normal conditions, the number of protons of an atom is the same as the number of electrons, and the positive and negative charges are balanced, so it shows no charge externally. However, due to external effects such as friction or in the form of various energies such as kinetic energy, potential energy, thermal energy, chemical energy, etc., the positive and negative charges of the atoms will be unbalanced. The friction mentioned in daily life is essentially a process of constant contact and separation. In some cases, static electricity can be generated without friction, such as induced static electricity, thermoelectric and piezoelectric electricity, Helmholtz layer, spray electricity, etc. Any two objects of different materials contact and then separate to generate static electricity. The common method of generating static electricity is to generate electricity by friction. The better the insulation of the material, the easier it is to generate static electricity. Because air is also composed of atoms, it can be said that static electricity can be generated at any time and in any place in people's lives. It is almost impossible to eliminate static electricity completely, but some measures can be taken to control static electricity so that it does not cause harm. It is formed by the redistribution of charge caused by friction, and there is also a redistribution of charge due to mutual attraction of charges, specifically because substances are composed of atoms, and there are negatively charged electrons and positively charged nuclei.
Under normal circumstances, the positive charge of the nucleus is equal to the negative charge of the electron, and the positive and negative balances, so it is not obvious. However, if the electrons leave the orbit by external force, resulting in unbalanced electron distribution, for example, triboelectric charge is a process that causes an imbalance of positive and negative charges. When two different objects contact and rub against each other, the electrons of one object are transferred to another object, they are positively charged because of the lack of electrons, and the other object gets some negative electrons and is negatively charged. Static electricity.
